Atresia or narrowing (stenosis) of the posterior nasal cavity (choana)
50-60% unilateral and 40-60% bilateral.
Purely bony atresia in 30%, mixed bony-membranous malformation in 70% and purely membranous rare.
Older literature bony 90% and membranous 10%.
Most common congenital anomaly of the nose.
1in 5,000 to 10,000
Differential Diagnosis: Congenital pyriform aperture stenosis
Nasolacrimal duct mucocele
Nasoethmoid cephalocele
Nasal dermoid
Take Home Messages; Enlargement of the posterior vomer in bony atresia.
CHARGE SYNDROME: C- Coloboma
H-Heart/cardiovascular anomalies
A-Atresia of choana
R-Retarded growth and development
G-Genital hypoplasia
E-Ear anomalies
Other associated syndromes: Apert syndrome
Crouzon syndrome
de Lange syndrome
Fetal alcohol syndrome
DiGeorge syndrome
Treacher-Collins syndrome
Associated with chromosome 18,12, 22, XO abnormalities